The main difference between centralized and distributed database is that centralized database works with a single database file while a distributed database works with multiple database files.
A database is a collection of related data. Many organizations use databases to store, manage and retrieve data easily. There are various types of databases and centralized and distributed database are two of them. A centralized database is a single database and multiple users can access it. On the contrary, the distributed database splits the database into multiple files and they are located at various locations in the network.
Key Areas Covered
1. What is a Centralized Database
– Definition, Advantages, Disadvantages
2. What is a Distributed Database
– Definition, Advantages, Disadvantages
3. What is the Difference Between Centralized and Distributed Database
– Comparison of Key Differences
Key Terms
Centralized, Database, Distributed
What is a Centralized Database
In a centralized database, there is a single database file at one location in the network. Multiple users can access this single database. It is called a centralized database. This kind of database provides multiple advantages. As there is an only single database file, it is easier to get a complete view of the data. Moreover, it is easier to manage, update and take backups of data.
On the other hand, as there are multiple users accessing the same database file, it has a higher usage. This will minimize the productivity.
What is a Distributed Database
A distributed database contains two or more database files located at different locations in the network. In other words, the database is split into multiple files. The users can access the nearest database file. This will increase the speed of retrieving data. Moreover, different users can access and manipulate data relevant to them. This avoids users from interfering with each other. Another advantage is that if one database fails, there are other database files. Therefore, the system still runs and the users can access them.
On the other hand, as there are multiple files, it requires time for data synchronization. It is also necessary to maintain the data consistency. Furthermore, there can be duplications of the same data. Those are few drawbacks of a distributed database.
Difference Between Centralized and Distributed Database
Definition
A centralized database is a type of database that contains a single database located at one location in the network. A distributed database is a type of database that contains two or more database files located at different locations in the network.
Maintaining Data
Managing, updating and taking in backups of data is easier in a centralized database because there is only one database file. On the other hand, as there are multiple database files in a distributed database, it requires time to synchronize data.
Assessing Data
A centralized database requires time for accessing data because multiple users access the database file. It has a high usage. Ina distributed database, the speed in accessing the data is higher because the data is retrieved from the nearest database file.
Failure
In a centralized database, if the database fails, the users do not have access to a database. On the other hand, in a distributed database, if one database fails, the users can still access other database files.
Data Consistency
Centralized database has more data consistency. It provides the complete view to the user. Distributed database can have data replications. Therefore, there can be some data inconsistency.
Conclusion
A database is a collection of related data and centralized and distributed database are two types of databases. The difference between centralized and distributed database is that centralized database works with a single database file while a distributed database works with multiple database files.
Reference:
1. “Centralised and Distributed Databases.” LinkedIn SlideShare, 7 Dec. 2010, Available here.
Image Courtesy:
1.”1928236″ (CC0) via Pixabay
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