This article explains,
1. What is Iambic Pentameter?
– Definition, Structure, Examples
2. What is Blank Verse?
– Description, Examples
3. What is the Relationship Between Iambic Pentameter and Blank Verse?
– Explanation with Examples
What is Iambic Pentameter
Iambic pentameter is a common meter in poetry. Let’s look at the meaning of the word iambic pentameter to understand its function. This word is composed of three words: Iamb –Penta – Meter.
An iamb is a metrical foot that has an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. (ba-BUM). Penta means five. Thus, iambic pentameter has five pairs of alternations of unstressed syllables and stressed syllables. There are ten syllables in each line.
The rhythm in each line sounds like:
ba-BUM / ba-BUM / ba-BUM / ba-BUM / ba-BUM
Many of Shakespeare’s verses have been written in iambic pentameter. For example,
Shall I comPARE thee TO a SUMmer’s DAY? – (from Sonnet 18)
If MUsic BE the FOOD of LOVE, play ON – (from Twelfth Night)
What is Blank Verse
Blank verse is written in regular metrical but unrhymed lines. It can be composed in any kind of meter, such as iamb, trochee, spondee, and dactyl. A blank verse also has no fixed number of lines. This format is used in both reflective and descriptive poetry as well as in dramatic monologues.
“You stars that reign’d at my nativity,
Whose influence hath allotted death and hell,
Now draw up Faustus like a foggy mist
Into entrails of yon labouring clouds,
That when they vomit forth into the air,
My limbs may issue from their smoky mouths,
So that my soul may but ascend to Heaven.”
– “Doctor Faustus” by Christopher Marlow
What is the Relationship Between Iambic Pentameter and Blank Verse
Now that you know the meanings of the two terms blank verse and iambic pentameter let’s look at the relationship between iambic pentameter and blank verse. As mentioned above blank verse is written with a regular metrical. Iambic pentameter is the commonest meter used in blank verse. This is the relationship between iambic pentameter and blank verse. Blank verse is very similar to normal speech; it is the iambic pentameter which gives a dramatic and poetic quality. If you carefully read the blank verse from Marlow’s “Doctor Faustus” given as an example above, you’ll realize that the lines are written in iambic pentameter.
Given below are some more examples of blank verse written in iambic pentameter.
“Of Man’s First Disobedience, and the Fruit
Of that Forbidden Tree, whose mortal taste
Brought Death into the World, and all our woe,
With loss of Eden, till one greater Man
Restore us, and regain the blissful Seat,
Sing Heav’nly Muse, that on the secret top
Of Oreb, or of Sinai, didst inspire
That Shepherd, who first taught the chosen Seed,
In the Beginning how the Heav’ns and Earth
Rose out of Chaos…”
– “Paradise Lost” by John Milton
“The sea was not a mask. No more was she.
The song and water were not medleyed sound
Even if what she sang was what she heard,
Since what she sang was uttered word by word.
It may be that in all her phrases stirred
The grinding water and the gasping wind;
But it was she and not the sea we heard.”
– “The Idea of Order at Key West” by Wallace Stevens
